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(No Modem L. L. HEPBURN. .DETACHABLY UNITING GUN BARRELS WITH STOCKS. No. 534,691. Patented Feb. 26. 1895. s

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LEWIS IL. HEPBURN, on NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THE MARLIN FIRE ARMS COMPANY, or SAME PLACE.

DETACHABLY UNlTlNG GUN-BARRELS WITH STOCKS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 534,691, dated February 26, 1895. Application filed October 30, 1894. Serial No. 527,451- (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that 1, LEWIS L. HEPBURN, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Haven, in the county of New Haven and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new .and useful Improvements in Attaching and Detaching Gun-Barrels, of which the following is a specification.

My present invention relates to fire arms, and the invention consists in a novel means for attaching and detaching the barrel, as hereinafter more fully set forth.

Figure 1 is a perspective view of the front end of the receiver and the rear end of the barrel separated, and at opposite angles to more clearly show their construction. Fig. 2 is a side elevation, showing the parts united, Fig. 3 is a transverse vertical section on the line a a: of Fig. 2, of the receiver, looking from the front rearward, and Fig. 4 is a similar view, showing the parts united.

The object of my present invention is to provide a simple and efficient means for attaching a gun barrel to its receiver or frame, and by which it can be readily detached when desired. To accomplish this object I first make the receiver R with a hole H in its front end with a screw thread cut into its walls, in the manner that is customary when the barrel is to be screwed therein permanently, and in like manner cut a screw thread it on the rear end of the barrel A,of the proper size to enable the barrel to be screwed fast to the receiver; but before uniting the barrel and receiver, by means of a suitable tool, I cut away the screw thread in the lower wall of the hole H in the receiver, as shown in Fig. 1, thereby making the hole oval instead of a true circle, as shown in Fig. 3, and also by the dotted line in Fig. 4.

The screw thread in the walls of the hole H should be cut away not only at the bottom but also some little distance up each side, as clearly shown in Fig. 1. In like manner I cut away the screw thread it on the under side of the projecting end of the barrel as shown in Fig. 1, and also cut a transverse notch c in the under side, as shown, which notch is so located that when the barrel and receiver are put together, this notch will come in line with a hole 2 bored transversely through the receiver, said hole being shown Clearlyin Figs. 1 and 3. vide a conical or taper bolt or pin I, which has a screw thread on its smaller end to engage with a corresponding screw thread cutin the walls of the hole in the side of the receiver as represented in Figs. 3 and at.

On the rear face of the band B which holds the fore end of the stock, I make a projection 0t, and in the front end of the receiver I make a corresponding recess b,-as shown in Fig. 1, so that when the parts are united the barrel will be prevented from turning in the re ceiver, and'the two parts will always be held in their proper relative position or alignment. Havingthus constructed the parts,itwillreadily be seen that to attach the barrel to the receiver, it is only necessary to stick the projecting end of the barrel into the hole H in the receiver, then raise the barrel so the screw thread 71, will engage with the thread in the upper wall of the holeH, insert the taper pin I, and screw it up tightthis pin being provided with an enlarged and milled head to enable it to be readily turned by hand, without the use of tools.

It will of course be understood, that cutting away the screw thread at the lower half of the hole H, and at the under side of the barrel, will enable the two parts to be slipped together without any turning or screwing operation, the hole H being increased in vertical diameter, while the projecting'end of the barrel is decreased in vertical diameter, and that by these means the barrel can be dropped in the hole sufficiently to permit the screw threads of the two parts to pass each other without contact, but will readily engage when the barrel is raised in the hole, and that when thus raised and the threads interlocked, the taper screw I will hold them in that position. The object of making this screw or pin I taper, is two fold: first, to cause it to act as a wedge on the barrel as the pin is screwed in and force it tight up against the upper wall of the receiver, thus holding it solid and firm in position with the threads interlocked, and second, to compensate for any wear in the parts tending to render them loose when united, it only being necessary to screw the This hole is made conical, and I pro-' pin farther in to render the union of the parts tight and firm.

It will of course be understood, that that portion of the pin I on which the thread is cut, is made straight instead of tapering, to enable it to be screwed farther in whenever necessary.

It is obvious'that instead of the threads on the barrel and in the receiver being out spirally or in the form of a screw, they may be cutstraight, as is done in other guns and other mechanical devices, it only being necessary that they shall be arranged to interlock or engage when the barrel is raised to its position in the hole II. It is a mere question of choice for the mechanic or manufacturer, whether the interlocking threads be spiral or straight, the manner of cutting them being Well understood by persons skilled in the art and therefore not necessary to describe.

It is also obvious that the interlocking grooves and projections maybe reversed in position, that is, they may be made in the bot-v tom wall of the hole in the receiver and on the under side of the barrel, the notch and the pin in that case being, of course located at the upper side, and the result will be the same; it only being necessary in either case to so arrange the parts as to bring the band and receiver, and also the magazine if one be used, into proper alignment or position. This plan of rendering the barrel detachable is exceedingly simple and cheap of construction, and at the same time is strong and durable.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim is- 1. The combination in a gun, of a receiver having in its front end a hole with transverse threads or grooves in a portion of its wall only, and a barrel having its rear end provided with corresponding threads or projections arranged to engage with those in the receiver and having a notch to receive a looking pin, with a taper pin provided with a screw thread to hold it in position, said notch and pin being located on the side of the barrel opposite to that having the interlocking projections, substantially as shown and described.

2. The combination in a gun, of a receiver provided with a hole in its front end oval or oblong in cross section and having a series of transverse grooves formed in its upper wall, a barrel having its rear end adapted to fit in said hole and provided with a set of threads or projections to lit in the grooves in the receiver and having a notch for a locking pin, and a taper locking pin adapted to be screwed into a hole in the receiver and engage in the notch on the under side of the barrel, substantially as shown and described.

3. The combination in a gun, of a receiver and a detachable barrel provided with interlocking grooves and projections and a wedge or conical bolt for holding the parts inter locked, with an interlocking projection and recess on the abutting faces of the receiver and band to hold the barrel and receiver in proper relation to each other, substantially as shown and described.

In witness whereof I hereunto set my hand in the presence of two Witnesses.

LE WIS Ii. HEPBURN.

Witnesses:

J NO. MARLIN, M. E. WARD. 

